ABC TV Shows, Specials Movies. Technicolor Wikipedia. A title card for a Walt Disney. Donald Duck cartoon with an in Technicolor credit. Many 1. 93. 0s and 1. American cartoon shorts were produced in Technicolor. Technicolor is a series of color motion picture processes, the first version dating from 1. Mia Free Online there. It was the second major color process, after Britains Kinemacolor, and the most widely used color process in Hollywood from 1. Technicolor became known and celebrated for its highly saturated color, and was initially most commonly used for filming musicals such as The Wizard of Oz 1. Down Argentine Way 1. The Adventures of Robin Hood 1. Gone with the Wind 1. Reid Hoffman gives budding entrepreneurs the advice they need to build a tech company. This 1 Womans Hair Colorist May Have Saved Her Life. We have a story for you to think about the next time you consider letting your ends grow out. Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs 1. Fantasia 1. 94. 0. As the technology matured it was also used for less spectacular dramas and comedies. Occasionally, even a film noirsuch as Leave Her to Heaven 1. Niagara 1. 95. 3was filmed in Technicolor. Technicolor is the trademark for a series of color motion picture processes pioneered by Technicolor Motion Picture Corporation a subsidiary of Technicolor, Inc., now a division of the French company Technicolor SA. The Technicolor Motion Picture Corporation was founded in Boston in 1. Maine in 1. 91. 5 by Herbert Kalmus, Daniel Frost Comstock, and W. Burton Wescott. 2 The Tech in the companys name was inspired by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, where both Kalmus and Comstock received their undergraduate degrees and were later instructors. Technicolor, Inc. Delaware in 1. 92. Most of Technicolors early patents were taken out by Comstock and Wescott, while Kalmus served primarily as the companys president and chief executive officer. Name usageeditThe term Technicolor historically has been used to describe at least five concepts Technicolor an umbrella company encompassing all of the below as well as other ancillary services. Technicolor labs a collection of film laboratories across the world owned and run by Technicolor for post production services including developing, printing, and transferring films in all major color film processes, as well as Technicolors proprietary ones. Technicolor process or format several custom image origination systems used in film production, culminating in the three strip process in 1. Technicolor IB printing IB abbreviates imbibition, a dye transfer operation a process for making color motion picture prints that allows the use of dyes which are more stable and permanent than those formed in ordinary chromogenic color printing. Originally used for printing from color separation negatives photographed on black and white film in a special Technicolor camera. Prints or Color by Technicolor used from 1. Eastmancolor and other single strip color film stocks supplanted the three film strip camera negative method, while the Technicolor IB printing process continued to be used as one method of making the prints. This meaning of the name applies to nearly all Wikipedia articles about films made from 1. The introduction of Eastmancolor and decline below in which Technicolor is named in the credits. HistoryeditTwo color TechnicoloreditProcess 1edit. Frame from a surviving fragment of The Gulf Between 1. Technicolor film. Technicolor originally existed in a two color red and green system. In Process 1 1. 91. Because two frames were being exposed at the same time, the film had to be photographed and projected at twice the normal speed. Exhibition required a special projector with two apertures one with a red filter and the other with a green filter, two lenses, and an adjustable prism that aligned the two images on the screen. The results were first demonstrated to members of the American Institute of Mining Engineers in New York on February 2. The Ten Commandments Cartoon Photo ' title='The Ten Commandments Cartoon Photo ' />Technicolor itself produced the only movie made in Process 1, The Gulf Between, which had a limited tour of Eastern cities, beginning with Boston and New York in September 1. The near constant need for a technician to adjust the projection alignment doomed this additive color process. Only a few frames of The Gulf Between, showing star Grace Darmond, are known to exist today. Process 2editConvinced that there was no future in additive color processes, Comstock, Wescott, and Kalmus focused their attention on subtractive color processes. This culminated in what would eventually be known as Process 2 1. Technicolor. As before, the special Technicolor camera used a beam splitter that simultaneously exposed two consecutive frames of a single strip of black and white film, one behind a green filter and one behind a red filter. The difference was that the two component negative was now used to produce a subtractive color print. Because the colors were physically present in the print, no special projection equipment was required and the correct registration of the two images did not depend on the skill of the projectionist. The frames exposed behind the green filter were printed on one strip of black and white film, and the frames exposed behind the red filter were printed on another strip. After development, each print was toned to a color nearly complementary to that of the filter orange red for the green filtered images, cyan green for the red filtered ones. Unlike tinting, which adds a uniform veil of color to the entire image, toning chemically replaces the black and white silver image with transparent coloring matter, so that the highlights remain clear or nearly so, dark areas are strongly colored, and intermediate tones are colored proportionally. The two prints, made on film stock half the thickness of regular film, were then cemented together back to back to create a projection print. The Toll of the Sea, which debuted on November 2. Process 2 and was the first general release film in Technicolor. Frame enlargement of a Technicolor segment from The Phantom of the Opera 1. The film was one of the earliest uses of the process on interior sets, and demonstrated its versatility. The second all color feature in Process 2 Technicolor, Wanderer of the Wasteland, was released in 1. Process 2 was also used for color sequences in such major motion pictures as The Ten Commandments 1. The Phantom of the Opera 1. Ben Hur 1. 92. 5. Douglas Fairbanks The Black Pirate 1. Process 2 feature. Although successful commercially, Process 2 was plagued with technical problems. Because the images on the two sides of the print were not in the same plane, both could not be perfectly in focus at the same time. The significance of this depended on the depth of field of the projection optics. Much more serious was a problem with cupping. Films in general tended to become somewhat cupped after repeated use every time a film was projected, each frame in turn was heated by the intense light in the projection gate, causing it to bulge slightly after it had passed through the gate, it cooled and the bulge subsided, but not quite completely. It was found that the cemented prints were not only very prone to cupping, but that the direction of cupping would suddenly and randomly change from back to front or vice versa, so that even the most attentive projectionist could not prevent the image from temporarily popping out of focus whenever the cupping direction changed. Technicolor had to supply new prints so the cupped ones could be shipped to their Boston laboratory for flattening, after which they could be put back into service, at least for a while. The presence of image layers on both surfaces made the prints especially vulnerable to scratching, and because the scratches were vividly colored they were very noticeable. Splicing a Process 2 print without special attention to its unusual laminated construction was apt to result in a weak splice that would fail as it passed through the projector. Even before these problems became apparent, Technicolor regarded this cemented print approach as a stopgap and was already at work developing an improved process.